Deforming arthrosis (osteoarthritis) is a disease that is progressive, that leads to the degeneration and the degeneration of the articulating surfaces and the defeat of the cartilage, until its complete destruction in the joint.
Deforming arthrosis usually detected in people of advanced age and age senile, when there are concomitant factors and diseases, often revealed by surveys, but does not manifest itself clinically.
Deforming arthrosis is the most frequent and common pathology of the joints. It is found in 70% of all diseases of the joints.
Reasons
The exact cause of deforming osteoarthritis, to day of today it is not clear, however, highlight some of the factors that significantly increase the probability of their development. First of all, it is a common aging and disease phenomena in the tissues, changes of cartilage and joint bags.
Factors that influence the development of osteoarthritis can be divided into:
- external - these include the overload of the joints (for example, due to weight lifting), permanent injury, professional effects, hypothermia joints,
- internal is the influence of heredity with the stretched ligaments and joints, dysfunction of the ovaries and menopausal changes in women, stroke, the violation of blood circulation in the tissues of the cartilage, obesity.
Deforming arthrosis, as one of the symptoms can be alcoholism or myxedema, acromegaly or treatment with hormones, congenital hip dislocation, marfan syndrome (a hereditary disease characterized by the excessive mobility of joints and lengthening of the bones). the immobility of the joint)
Phases of development
In the development of deforming arthrosis there are a number of natural successive successive stages:
- the reduction of aqueous cartilage, leading to its thinning and drying of
- the formation in the cartilage defects and cracks,
- the destruction of the cartilage with a simultaneous sharp narrowing of the joint space,
- the disappearance of the cartilage with bone edges
- compensatory seal the ends of the bones that are left without a cartilage surface,
- malfunction of the joints of sprains, fractures and malfunction of the limbs.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis deforming
First of all, the main manifestation of deforming arthrosis is
- pain in the joints, worse after exercise or at night
- it affects individual joints,
- the affected joints are not symmetrical,
- although there are no signs of joint damage,
- there is no fever,
- there is a strong redness of the joints,
- there are no changes in the analyses.
The process often occurs in the knee, hip and phalangeal joint.
If the disease progresses to the point of destruction of cartilage, pain occurs the locking joint, when walking develops severe pain that does not move the legs and makes you stop. This is because entering into the joint cavity of pieces of cartilage or small bone fragments (joint "mice").
In the joints in the phalanges arise tie-dye, a solid education, and the joints are not severely deformed, the muscles do not suffer atrophy, there is the immobility of the joint.
Within the joints when it moves or listen to the crisis due to the rubbing of rough surfaces against each other.
Because the pain and mobility limitations can form contractures (muscle contractions), which shortens the leg or the arm.
Deforming arthrosis in manifestations similar to the various forms of arthritis in the first place it is necessary to distinguish from rheumatoid arthritis.
Diagnosis
Typical criteria for the diagnosis of deforming arthrosis exists, it can be recognized externally only for the nodes of the phalanges. Suspicion of osteoarthritis occurs when:
- the typical lesions of joints,
- long-term development of the disease for many years,
- advanced age of the patient.
The basis of diagnostics is radiological data that occurs before the period of clinical manifestations and of pain.
Evident reduction of the joint space, changes with flattening and deformity of the joint surfaces, instability of the joint with dislocations and subluxations, remarkable regional growth bones osteosclerosis (excessive increase of the bone density).
As the progression of the process revealed bony spikes and bumps, the joint space can be in the form of a wedge.
It complements the study of arthroscopy, a study of the blood, without signs of inflammation.
It is necessary to carry out studies of periarticular fluid.
Treatment of osteoarthritis deforming
The same symptoms can be signs of different diseases, and the disease can occur not text book. Do not try to be treated yourself — consult your doctor.
Treatment involved traumatologists and orthopedists.
Methods of treatment of deforming arthrosis depending on the degree of involvement in the process of the joints, as well as the duration of the lesion and the presence of pain.
First of all, the use of conservative therapy
- the reduction of stress on the joints
- weight loss
- the use of metabolites of course aloe, Humisol or vitreous intramuscular courses
- apply a stimulant of cartilage repair in the injection intramuscular rates.
Supplements treatment
- the use of drugs,
- anti-inflammatory therapy.
If there is inflammation of the joint, shows a course of hormones – hydrocortisone in the interior of the joint.
Also used a range of massages, physiotherapeutic effect, the mud, the heat. Help Spa treatment.
In advanced cases help surgical treatment – arthroplasty. In the future, shows the unloading of the joint, reduction of body weight, walking with a support cane or crutches, physical therapy.
Forecast
Deforming arthrosis without proper treatment is a slow but steadily progressive course. Leads to disability, and significant dysfunction of the joints and visual movement. Therefore, when you encounter the first signs of osteoarthritis will show the active courses of therapy, duration 1-2 months.